![]() ![]() Arabs constitute the main ethnic group in the region, followed by Turks, Persians, Kurds, Azeris, Copts, Jews, Assyrians, Iraqi Turkmen, Yazidis, and Greek Cypriots. ![]() Several major religions have their origins in the Middle East, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The history of the Middle East dates back to ancient times, with the geopolitical importance of the region being recognized for millennia. The most populous countries in the region are Egypt, Turkey, and Iran, while Saudi Arabia is the largest Middle Eastern country by area. Most Middle Eastern countries (13 out of 18) are part of the Arab world. The region includes the vast majority of the territories included in the closely associated definition of West Asia, but without the South Caucasus, and additionally includes all of Egypt (not just the Sinai) and all of Turkey (not just the part barring East Thrace). The term "Middle East" has led to some confusion over its changing definitions, and being seen as too Eurocentric. The term came into widespread usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to the Far East) beginning in the early 20th century. The Middle East (term originally coined in English ) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. Middle East map of Köppen climate classification. Map of the Middle East between North Africa, Southern Europe, Central Asia, and Southern Asia.
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